Independent or Combinational Application of Sheep Manure and Litter from Indigenous Field Vegetation of Quercus sp. Influences Nutrient Uptake, Photosynthesis, Intrinsic Water Use Efficiency, and Foliar Sugar Concentrations in Olive Plants (Olea europaea L., cv. “Koroneiki”)

The recent energy crisis has increased the cost of fertilization for olive growers. This is why alternative nutrient sources, such as manures and other organic materials, could be used to sustain production within framework sustainable agriculture, by decreasing chemical inputs. A greenhouse pot experiment was established with a marl soil substrate that modified three amendments (sheep manure, or SM; litter from evergreen broadleaf species, EBLS, Quercus sp.; their combination, i.e., SM + EBLS) control (no application amendments) investigate influence on nutrition, physiology, leaf sugar concentrations plants. Plant growth not significantly affected amendments, while lowest N, K, Zn were determined in soil. Significantly higher photosynthetic rate compared SM. intercellular CO2 found EBLS intrinsic water use efficiency (WUEi) control. translocated content recorded Overall, it concluded optimum treatment combinational EBLS. However, multi-year research under field conditions necessary draw more stable conclusions about beneficial role nutrition physiology trees.